IADR Abstract Archives
Effects of Psychiatric Drugs on Orofacial Dryness
Objectives: Our objective was to determine the effects of psychiatric drug-therapies on xerostomia, whole- and minor saliva flow rates in Hungary
Methods: 361patients(age18-83, 150 male, 211 female) wereinvolved in thisstudy.Experimentalgroupconsisted of 188patients and 173agematchedhealthypersonsservedascontrols.In theexperimentalgrouppatientswerecategorizedbythepsychiatricdrugstheytake: SARI, SSRI, SNRI, NASSA, SNRI+NASSA, atypical- and typicalantipsychotics, Valproate, Benzodiazepin, Lithium, Tricyclicantidepressants.
A questionnaire (16 questions)wasdesignedtodeterminethesubjectivepresenceorabsence of oral and extraoral (eye-, skin-,)siccasymptoms. Unstimulatedwholesalivaflow rate (u-SFR) wasdeterminedbythespittingmethod, left and rightpalatal(LP,RP) and labial(L)saliva flow ratesweremeasuredbythePeriotronmethod.Dataswerestatisticallyanalyzedbythe χ2 and theStudent's t-test at a significancelevel of p<0.05.
Results: Amongthemedicated, 50% of the men and 66% of thewomen (p<0.05) felt xerostomiacomparedto 31% and 33%in the non-medicatedgroups.
Xerostomia ratios in medicatedpatientswereasfollows, in men:SARI:80%(p<0.01),SSRI:37,5%,SNRI:81,8%(p<0.01),NASSA:85,7% (p<0.01),SNRI+NASSA:100% (p<0.05),atypical:48,9%,typical:0%,VPA:40%,BDZ:53,3%(p<0.01),lithium:22,2%,TCA:50%; in women:
SARI:100%(p<0.001),SSRI:63,5%(p<0.01),SNRI:78,9%(p<0.001),NASSA:64,3%(p<0.05),SNRI+NASSA:75%,atypical:60,8%(p<0.001),typical:45,5%,VPA:33,3%,BDZ:65,6%(p<0.0001),lithium:58,8%(p<0.05),TCA:60%;compared to non-medicated men(31%) and women(33,3%).Hyposalivation(u-SFR£0.1ml/min) couldonlybe detected in womenTCA group (0,09±0,09ml/min).Minor saliva flow rates:amongmedicated men atypical(PS:1,33,±0,6µl/cm2/min) and BDZ(PS:1,29,±0,8µl/cm2/min) resultedsignificantlyhigher flow rate(control:PS:0,59±0,3µl/cm2/min); amongmedicatedwomen BDZ(LS:1,72±2,0µl/cm2/min) resultedsignificantlyhigher flow rate; atypical(LS:1,01±1,4µl/cm2/min),typical(LS:0,31±0,2µl/cm2/min) and TCA(LS:0,35±0,7µl/cm2/min)resultedsignificantlylower flow rate(controls:PS:0,46±0,6 and LS:1,81±1,41µl/cm2/min).Oralhygiene indexes weresignificantlyhigher in experimentalgroups.
Conclusions: Accordingtoourresults,rate of xerostomia in medicatedgroupwashigherthan in thecontrolgroup. Altough, thedifferentpsychiatricdrugsresulteddifferentsaliva flow rates.
Methods: 361patients(age18-83, 150 male, 211 female) wereinvolved in thisstudy.Experimentalgroupconsisted of 188patients and 173agematchedhealthypersonsservedascontrols.In theexperimentalgrouppatientswerecategorizedbythepsychiatricdrugstheytake: SARI, SSRI, SNRI, NASSA, SNRI+NASSA, atypical- and typicalantipsychotics, Valproate, Benzodiazepin, Lithium, Tricyclicantidepressants.
A questionnaire (16 questions)wasdesignedtodeterminethesubjectivepresenceorabsence of oral and extraoral (eye-, skin-,)siccasymptoms. Unstimulatedwholesalivaflow rate (u-SFR) wasdeterminedbythespittingmethod, left and rightpalatal(LP,RP) and labial(L)saliva flow ratesweremeasuredbythePeriotronmethod.Dataswerestatisticallyanalyzedbythe χ2 and theStudent's t-test at a significancelevel of p<0.05.
Results: Amongthemedicated, 50% of the men and 66% of thewomen (p<0.05) felt xerostomiacomparedto 31% and 33%in the non-medicatedgroups.
Xerostomia ratios in medicatedpatientswereasfollows, in men:SARI:80%(p<0.01),SSRI:37,5%,SNRI:81,8%(p<0.01),NASSA:85,7% (p<0.01),SNRI+NASSA:100% (p<0.05),atypical:48,9%,typical:0%,VPA:40%,BDZ:53,3%(p<0.01),lithium:22,2%,TCA:50%; in women:
SARI:100%(p<0.001),SSRI:63,5%(p<0.01),SNRI:78,9%(p<0.001),NASSA:64,3%(p<0.05),SNRI+NASSA:75%,atypical:60,8%(p<0.001),typical:45,5%,VPA:33,3%,BDZ:65,6%(p<0.0001),lithium:58,8%(p<0.05),TCA:60%;compared to non-medicated men(31%) and women(33,3%).Hyposalivation(u-SFR£0.1ml/min) couldonlybe detected in womenTCA group (0,09±0,09ml/min).Minor saliva flow rates:amongmedicated men atypical(PS:1,33,±0,6µl/cm2/min) and BDZ(PS:1,29,±0,8µl/cm2/min) resultedsignificantlyhigher flow rate(control:PS:0,59±0,3µl/cm2/min); amongmedicatedwomen BDZ(LS:1,72±2,0µl/cm2/min) resultedsignificantlyhigher flow rate; atypical(LS:1,01±1,4µl/cm2/min),typical(LS:0,31±0,2µl/cm2/min) and TCA(LS:0,35±0,7µl/cm2/min)resultedsignificantlylower flow rate(controls:PS:0,46±0,6 and LS:1,81±1,41µl/cm2/min).Oralhygiene indexes weresignificantlyhigher in experimentalgroups.
Conclusions: Accordingtoourresults,rate of xerostomia in medicatedgroupwashigherthan in thecontrolgroup. Altough, thedifferentpsychiatricdrugsresulteddifferentsaliva flow rates.