IADR Abstract Archives
To Study the Correlation between Serological Levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF-A in Oral Submucous Fibrosis-A Pilot Study
Objectives: VEGF- A associated angiogenesis has been implicated in development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Oral submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) a potentially malignant oral lesion with high transformation rate to OSCC is characterized by severe fibrosis and decreased vascularity leading to tissue hypoxia. Hypoxia is known to induce HIF-1 α and VEGF-A expression thus leading to angiogenesis and malignant transformation. The main objective was to find the relationship between serological levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A in OSMF.
Methods: The study group comprised of clinically and histopathologically confirmed 30 cases of OSMF and OSCC. The control group (C) comprised of 30 dental patients who did not have OSCC and any other potentially malignant disorder of oral mucosa. Patients with conditions known to have elevated levels of VEGF and HIF-1 α were excluded. The serological levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF- A, was determined by ELISA with commercially available kits.
Results: The mean serum level of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A was highest in OSCC, intermediate in OSMF and lowest in controls. The difference between mean serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A in OSMF and C and OSCC and C was found to be statistically significant (p< .001). A positive correlation was found between serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A and the clinical grading in OSMF and TNM staging and degree of histological differentiation in OSCC
Conclusions: Positive correlation between serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF-A with clinical grading of OSMF indicates that they can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Since HIF-1 α induces VEGF-A, detection of raised serum HIF-1 α in OSMF can act as an early warning for risk of malignant transformation. Targeted inhibition of HIF-1 α can be used to decrease VEGF-A expression in OSMF and thus prevent malignant transformation
Methods: The study group comprised of clinically and histopathologically confirmed 30 cases of OSMF and OSCC. The control group (C) comprised of 30 dental patients who did not have OSCC and any other potentially malignant disorder of oral mucosa. Patients with conditions known to have elevated levels of VEGF and HIF-1 α were excluded. The serological levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF- A, was determined by ELISA with commercially available kits.
Results: The mean serum level of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A was highest in OSCC, intermediate in OSMF and lowest in controls. The difference between mean serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A in OSMF and C and OSCC and C was found to be statistically significant (p< .001). A positive correlation was found between serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF -A and the clinical grading in OSMF and TNM staging and degree of histological differentiation in OSCC
Conclusions: Positive correlation between serum levels of HIF-1 α and VEGF-A with clinical grading of OSMF indicates that they can be used as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Since HIF-1 α induces VEGF-A, detection of raised serum HIF-1 α in OSMF can act as an early warning for risk of malignant transformation. Targeted inhibition of HIF-1 α can be used to decrease VEGF-A expression in OSMF and thus prevent malignant transformation