IADR Abstract Archives
The Effect of the Smear Layer on the Adhesion Capacity of Bioceramic Sealers to Root Dentin: a Systematic Review of the Literature
Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to perform a qualitative synthesis of available evidence in the literature of the effect of the smear layer (SL) on the adhesion of bioceramic root canal sealers to dentin
Methods: An advanced search of the literature was performed in two databases; PubMed and Cochrane, using a combination of selected keywords. The search was limited to in vitro studies on human teeth, published from January 2013 to January 2024 and written in the English language.. The search yielded 479 articles where 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. Two independent reviewers contributed to the development of the systematic material and methods review through the search for articles, the critical reading of these ones and the independent extraction of data from selected articles.
Results: The literature search initially yielded 479 articles which were independently reviewed. A total of 16 studies met the selection criteria and were included in the systematic review. Data were collected according to the number of teeth studied, canal preparation, smear layer removal methods, adhesion tests, and the type of sealer(s) studied. The review found no consensus on the SL's impact on the adhesion and sealing ability of bioceramic sealers. While MTA-based sealers showed improved adhesion due to the SL's role in forming an interfacial layer, calcium silicate-based sealers either experienced reduced adhesion or were unaffected by the smear layer.
Conclusions: The effect of the smear layer on bioceramic sealer adhesion remains unclear, with variations depending on sealer type, smear layer properties, and irrigants used. For MTA-based sealers, the smear layer plays a significant role in enhancing adhesion. Further research is needed to clarify these interactions.
Methods: An advanced search of the literature was performed in two databases; PubMed and Cochrane, using a combination of selected keywords. The search was limited to in vitro studies on human teeth, published from January 2013 to January 2024 and written in the English language.. The search yielded 479 articles where 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. Two independent reviewers contributed to the development of the systematic material and methods review through the search for articles, the critical reading of these ones and the independent extraction of data from selected articles.
Results: The literature search initially yielded 479 articles which were independently reviewed. A total of 16 studies met the selection criteria and were included in the systematic review. Data were collected according to the number of teeth studied, canal preparation, smear layer removal methods, adhesion tests, and the type of sealer(s) studied. The review found no consensus on the SL's impact on the adhesion and sealing ability of bioceramic sealers. While MTA-based sealers showed improved adhesion due to the SL's role in forming an interfacial layer, calcium silicate-based sealers either experienced reduced adhesion or were unaffected by the smear layer.
Conclusions: The effect of the smear layer on bioceramic sealer adhesion remains unclear, with variations depending on sealer type, smear layer properties, and irrigants used. For MTA-based sealers, the smear layer plays a significant role in enhancing adhesion. Further research is needed to clarify these interactions.