Cytotoxicity of Sea Cucumber Extracts to Gingiva Derived Mesenchymal Stemcells

Objective:  Sea cucumber extract have long been used as traditional medicine. Sticophus hermanii and Holothuria scabra are species of sea cucumber which has been known have antibacterial and antifungal properties thus potentially explored as therapeutic agent in oral infection.  The aim of this study is to examine the cytotoxicity of two sea cucumber extract Sticophus hermanii and Holothuria scabra to gingiva derived mesenchymal stem cells. Method: Methanolic extract of Sticophus hermanii and Holothuria scabrain concentration of 1%, 0,5%; 0,25%; 0,125%, 0,006%; 0,003%, 0,0015%, 0,0007%; and 0,0003% were tested its cytotoxicity on gingiva derived mesenchymal stem cell. Cell viability were measured  by MTT assay. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and LSD. Result: Sticophus hermanii extract  showed no cytotoxicity in all concentrations  while on  Holothuria scabrait showed toxicity in the concentration of 1% and 0,5% (p<0,05). The less concentrations of the two sea cucumber extract to gingiva derived mesenchymal stem cell, the more cells viability increased. Conclusion: Sticophus hermanii extract was not cytotoxic on gingiva derived mesenchymal stem cell in the concentration up to 1%, while Holothuria scabra extract was not cytotoxic on human gingival fibroblast stem cell in the concentration up to 0,5%.