Calcium sulphate–Platelet Rich Plasma (CS-PRP) in Socket Preservation Procedures

Objective: Prevention of ridge resorption following tooth extraction using socket preservation procedures has been advocated. This study compares the effectiveness of combination of calcium sulphate - platelet-rich plasma (CS-PRP) to calcium sulphate (CS) as grafting materials in socket preservation procedures and to analyse the histologic and histomorphometric aspects of the grafted sockets. Method: PRP was prepared from patients’ own blood. Twelve patients with single, non-molar teeth scheduled for extraction participated in the study. Six sockets received CS grafts, while six sockets were grafted with CS-PRP. Sockets healed by secondary intention. Cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) scans were taken immediately after extraction and at four months post surgery to measure mesial bone height (MH), distal bone height (DH), buccal bone height (BH), palatal bone height (PH), socket height (SH) and horizontal width (W). Bone specimens for histomorphometric analysis were obtained during osteotomy for the placement of single implants in the grafted sites. Result: There was minimal resorption in BH and PH for the CS-PRP group. The CS group presented minimal MH resorption. Resorption in vertical and horizontal dimensions between CS-PRP and CS groups were not statistically different (p>0.05).  For horizontal width, CS group resulted in an 18.6% resorption as compared to 9.2% resorption in CS-PRP group.  Resorptrion for BH (14%) and PH (13.7%) in CS group was nearly three times more than resorption in BH (5%) and PH (4.6%) for CS-PRP group. Histomorphometric analysis showed that mineralized bone component in CS-PRP group is significantly more (p<0.05) compared to CS group. Conclusion: Both CS and CS-PRP were effective in socket preservation procedures. At 4 months post extraction, histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that the amount of mineralized bone was significantly higher in the CS-PRP group as compared to the CS group.