Many kinds of bone grafts are used to replace or reconstruct skeletal critical sized defects resulting from periodontal disease, cyst, tumor and trauma. Autogenous bone has been most useful bone grafting materials because it is nonrejection, osteoinduction, bone conduction and osteogenic. The graft by autogenous bone has several disadvantages such as limitation of collection volume, operation is complicated and infection associated with harvesting bone. Many clinical reseaches of various bone grafting materials have reported. And, calcium phosphate have researched by reason of these are similar to mineral of mammals tooth and bone. In this study, the usefulness of bone grafting materials was evaluated in vivo.
Methods:
Bone grafting materials were prepared with 4 different types; calcium phosphate (HAP, 2 types of β-TCP) and xenogeneic bone. Evaluation of their physical property were performed by XRD, FT-IR and SEM. Male Wister Rats were used for investigate. All rats were divided into 6 groups; HAP treated group, 2 types of β-TCP treated group, xenogeneic bone treated group, collagen treated group and control. One trephine detect, 9mm diameter which was critical-size bone detect, was surgically created including the mid-sagittal suture. Then their bone formation modality were assessed by tissue section, bone formation volume by μ-CT and new bone hardness by nano indenter.
Results:
Each materials was detected characteristic peaks by XRD and FT-IR respectively. The shape and the stomatal shapes were different by SEM. After 8 weeks, bone formation was confirmed in all groups other than no-filling group, and it was from the materials surface by u-CT and tissue section observation. The hardness of re-production bone were not inferior to pre-existing cranial bone.
Conclusions:
It was suggested the final volume and quantity of new bone formation did not have the major difference in each bone filling material, and so artificial bone were useful for clinical case thinking in safe aspect.