Effect of Chitosan in the Calcium Deposition of Osteogenesis Process

Osteoprogenitor stem cell function has a capacity for new bone formation.The biological and mechanical property of chitosan can be used as a scaffold in periodontal tissue regeneration. Objectives: To investigate the effect of chitosan in the calcium deposition on the osteogenesis process of periodontal ligament stem cells. Methods: Periodontal ligament stem cells were identified by antibodi anti Stro-1, (isolated from extracted third Molar), and the viability cells was tested with MTT methode. A number of 10.000 stem cells were incubated and spread in tissue culture plate contain of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% NCS, penstrep, and 250µg/ml fungizone/amphoterisin B. The samples divided into 6 experimental groups were coated by 200 µl chitosan of (0,025%, 0,05%, 0,1%, 0,15%, 0,2%, 0,25%) concentration and diluted in 0,5 % citric acid. Cell culture without chitosan was used as a control group. Von Kossa staining technique was used to evaluate the deposits of calcium in the culture cell in day 7, day 14 and day 21. Statistical analyzed were using T tes. Results: The viability of PDL stem cells which coated by chitosan 0,15% tested by the MTT, has the higest proliferation compared to other groups. The Deposit of calcium shows significantly different higher in the experimental groups (Chitosan 0,1%, 0,15%, 0,2%, 0,25%)compared to controle group(p<0,05). Conclusions: Chitosan (0,1%, 0,15%, 0,2%, 0,25%)has an effect in calcium deposition on the osteogenesis process.Chitosan 0,15% has the most potential capacity to induce and accelerate differentiation and proliferation of periodontal ligament stem cells in osteogenesis process.