Objective: Understanding the effect of chitosan on osteoclast cells by observing cell proliferation, bone resorption and radical oxygen species production.
Method: Osteoclast cells were obtained from the primary culture of bone marrow of a 2- to 9-week-old mouse. Cell culture was performed in 37oC and 5% CO2 for 6-8 days. The medium was changed every day while adding 1 á and 25 (0H) 2D3. 0.2% chitosan was added to the treatment group, while no chitosan was administered to the control group. Then the osteoclast cell proliferation was observed with MTT assay, while radical oxygen species (ROS) production with MDA assay. MTT assay was measured with one-way ANOVA, while the MDA assay was tested using t-test, with p<0.05.
Result: A significant difference of cell proliferation between the chitosan group (0.8876±0.18), control group 1 (1.5141±0.17) and control group 2 (1.5141±0.26) was obtained, with p<0.05, based on optical density values (OD) from the MTT assay. Control group 1 consisted of osteoclast cells with 1 á and 25 (0H) 2D3 and osteoblast cell culture medium. There was a significantly different MDA value (mmol/ml) between the control group (0.8287±0.21) and the chitosan group (0.5050±0.06) with p<0.05.
Conclusion: Based on this research we can conclude that chitosan obstructs the proliferation of osteaclast cells, obstructs radical oxygen species (ROS) production.