IADR Abstract Archives
Effect of commercial mouth-rinses on oral microbiome of COVID-19 patients
Objectives: Pre-procedural mouth rinsing has been recommended as an infection control strategy since the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there are no studies in the literature examining the effect of commercial mouth-rinses on oral microbiome of COVID-19 patients. In this pioneering clinical trial, we examined the effect of mouth-rinses on the salivary microbiome profiles of COVID-19 patients.
Methods: A cohort of COVID-19 patients were randomly allocated to three test groups who used a mouthwash containing either Povidone-iodine (PVP-I), cetylpyridiunium chloride (CPC) or sodium chlorite (NaClO2), and a control group rinsed mouth with water. The saliva samples(n=10/group) were collected pre mouth-rinse and 6 h post-rinse. The salivary microbiome was profiled by next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region of 16S-rRNA. The data were analysed for composition, diversity, and relative abundance using standard bioinformatics tools.
Results: At the genus level, communities were dominated by Streptococcus (20%), Prevotella(8%), Veillonella(8%), Rothia(5%). Certain periodontal-associated Leptotrichia species were significantly reduced after 6hr of CPC mouth rinsing. In the post PVP-I group , periodontal pathogens such as Gamella Haemolysans, Lautropia mirabilis, and Kingella oralis were significantly reduced compared to the water control group (P<0.05). Out of which, the reduction of Lautropia mirabilis was affected by both CPC and PVP-I (P<0.01). However, the NACIO2 mouth rinse did not show any effect on reducing known periodontal and caries pathogens (P>0.05). Furthermore, the overall salivary diversity and bacterial community structures remained unaffected by the mouth rinsing performed after six hours compared to water control groups.
Conclusions: PVP-I and CPC based mouth-rinses were found to reduce the pathogenic oral microbiota and hence beneficial as a pre-procedural mouth rinses in COVID-19 patients. More evidence with larger cohorts is warranted.
Methods: A cohort of COVID-19 patients were randomly allocated to three test groups who used a mouthwash containing either Povidone-iodine (PVP-I), cetylpyridiunium chloride (CPC) or sodium chlorite (NaClO2), and a control group rinsed mouth with water. The saliva samples(n=10/group) were collected pre mouth-rinse and 6 h post-rinse. The salivary microbiome was profiled by next-generation sequencing using the V3-V4 region of 16S-rRNA. The data were analysed for composition, diversity, and relative abundance using standard bioinformatics tools.
Results: At the genus level, communities were dominated by Streptococcus (20%), Prevotella(8%), Veillonella(8%), Rothia(5%). Certain periodontal-associated Leptotrichia species were significantly reduced after 6hr of CPC mouth rinsing. In the post PVP-I group , periodontal pathogens such as Gamella Haemolysans, Lautropia mirabilis, and Kingella oralis were significantly reduced compared to the water control group (P<0.05). Out of which, the reduction of Lautropia mirabilis was affected by both CPC and PVP-I (P<0.01). However, the NACIO2 mouth rinse did not show any effect on reducing known periodontal and caries pathogens (P>0.05). Furthermore, the overall salivary diversity and bacterial community structures remained unaffected by the mouth rinsing performed after six hours compared to water control groups.
Conclusions: PVP-I and CPC based mouth-rinses were found to reduce the pathogenic oral microbiota and hence beneficial as a pre-procedural mouth rinses in COVID-19 patients. More evidence with larger cohorts is warranted.