IADR Abstract Archives
Time-Dependent Modulation of gut Microbiome in Response to Systemic Antifungals
Objectives: We developed a novel antifungal agent, SM21, an active small molecule against oral and systemic candidiasis. Antifungal and antibacterial agents have been shown to modulate the gut microbiome in disease conditions. However, it is not known if and how SM21 affects healthy gut bacteriome and mycobiome. In the present study, we examined the effect of short-course of SM21 on gut bacteriome and mycobiome in comparison to other systemic antifungal agents amphotericin B (AMB) and voriconazole in healthy animals.
Methods: Thirty six, five weeks old male healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into experimental and control groups (n=12 each). Sterilized antifungals viz. SM21, AMB and voriconazole were administered once per day by intravenous injection, for 5 consecutive days. Control groups received an equal volume of sterilized 0.9% saline. Fecal samples were collected from all rats at day 0 (before treatment), and days 1, and 5 post antifungal treatments. Extracted bacterial and fungal DNA was sequenced using V3–V4 region and ITS2 region, respectively. Data were comprehensively analysed using QIIME bioinformatics.
Results: The key findings were I) The healthy gut microbiome was not significantly influenced by antifungal treatment , although specific bacterial taxa showed significant differences in AmB and voriconazole treatment, II) The modulation of probiotic Lactobacillus strains including bacteria L. reuteri was increased, possibly as a response to restore dysbiotic gut microbiome due to AMB and SM21 treatment III) Gut mycobiome diversity decreased longitudinally with several waves of succession reflecting the personalised nature.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that a short course of antifungal treatment does not alter healthy gut microbiome. However, there is a significant modulation of few bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome, including probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in response to SM21 treatment. Hence, healthy gut microbiota are capable of resisting major dysbiostic-shift during a short-course of antifungal treatment. We report for the first time the dynamics of healthy gut microbiome and mycobiome in response to short course of antifungals.
Methods: Thirty six, five weeks old male healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into experimental and control groups (n=12 each). Sterilized antifungals viz. SM21, AMB and voriconazole were administered once per day by intravenous injection, for 5 consecutive days. Control groups received an equal volume of sterilized 0.9% saline. Fecal samples were collected from all rats at day 0 (before treatment), and days 1, and 5 post antifungal treatments. Extracted bacterial and fungal DNA was sequenced using V3–V4 region and ITS2 region, respectively. Data were comprehensively analysed using QIIME bioinformatics.
Results: The key findings were I) The healthy gut microbiome was not significantly influenced by antifungal treatment , although specific bacterial taxa showed significant differences in AmB and voriconazole treatment, II) The modulation of probiotic Lactobacillus strains including bacteria L. reuteri was increased, possibly as a response to restore dysbiotic gut microbiome due to AMB and SM21 treatment III) Gut mycobiome diversity decreased longitudinally with several waves of succession reflecting the personalised nature.
Conclusions: The present study demonstrated that a short course of antifungal treatment does not alter healthy gut microbiome. However, there is a significant modulation of few bacterial taxa in the gut microbiome, including probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri in response to SM21 treatment. Hence, healthy gut microbiota are capable of resisting major dysbiostic-shift during a short-course of antifungal treatment. We report for the first time the dynamics of healthy gut microbiome and mycobiome in response to short course of antifungals.