Enhancement in Mineralization of Human Osteoblast Cells by Adlay extract

Objectives: Osteoporosis are commonly found throughout the world as it is a public health problem. The disease cause loss of bone mass and degeneration of bone microstructure which resulted in decreased bone strength and also effect osseointegration procedure in implant patient. In the past decade, a lot of research on various extracts has been conducted to find a way to promote osseointegration. It has been reported that adlay extract effectively alleviates the osteoporotic status in ovariectomized rat femoral metaphyseal tissue culture and ovariectomized mouse model. However, there are no study on effect of adlay extract on in vitro calcification of human osteoblast cells. Therefore, this research aims to determine cytotoxicity and in vitro bone calcification of adlay extract on human osteoblast cells.
Methods: The cytotoxicity of adlay extract at concentration of 3, 15, 30, 150, 300, and 600 µg/ml in DMEM with 15% FBS on human osteoblast cells was determined via MTT assay at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Alizarin Red-S assay was used to evaluate in vitro calcification of osteoblast cells cultured in osteogenic medium with or without adlay extract at 14 and 21 days.
Results: The result from this study indicated that 3-600 µg/ml adlay extract are not toxic to human osteoblast cell, while 150 and 300 µg/ml adlay extract promote cell proliferation when compared to control group at 72 hours. Moreover, 3-600 µg/ml adlay extract significantly increase in vitro calcification of primary human osteoblast cells when compare to control group both on day 14 and 21.
Conclusions: Adlay extract (3-600 µg/ml) shows no cell cytotoxicity and promote mineralization of human osteoblast cells. Therefore, this study served as a primary information, hoping to be applied with dental implant titanium surface modification technology for patient with bone disease.