Frequency Distribution of Permanent Dental Anomalies on People with Down Syndrome in Jakarta

Objectives: Dental anomaly is a common developmental disorder experienced by people with Down syndrome consisting of number, size, shape and structure anomalies. The aim of this research was to describe the frequency distribution of number, size, shape and dental anomalies structure on people with Down syndrome aged 14 years and above in Jakarta.
Methods: The method of this research is descriptive with cross sectional design done on 174 people with Down syndrome aged 14 years and above chosen with purposive sampling technique. They were examined with intraoral examination by the resident of Departement of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia.
Results: The results reported anomalies of number hypodontia (80.90%), supernumerary (12.36%) and combination of hypodontia and supernumerary (12.36%). Anomalies of size microdontia (98.81%) and macrodontia (1.19%). Anomalies of shape fusion (66.67%) and talon’s cusp (33.33%). Anomalies of structure enamel hypoplasia (70.83%), enamel hypocalcification (4.17%), combination of enamel hypoplasia and hypocalcification (12.50%) and tooth discoloration (12.50%).
Conclusions: It can be concluded that people with Down syndrome in Sekolah Luar Biasa C (Special Schools) Jakarta showed a high prevalence of dental anomalies with hypodontia and microdontia as the most common anomalies that have a tendency in boys.