IADR Abstract Archives
In Situ Anti-Cariogenic Potential of Oyster (Crassostrea iredalei) Shell Calcium Derivatives
Objectives: Oyster shells being primarily made up of calcium carbonate, could be a good and inexpensive source of calcium derivatives that may be used in the formulation of caries-preventing agents. The study elucidated the effect of oyster shell calcium derivatives, calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and calcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2, in comparison to acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) in the prevention of enamel demineralization.
Methods: Forty bovine enamel blocks with a dimension of 4mmx4mmx2mm were measured for baseline surface microhardness (SMH). There is a one week wash out period using the same toothpaste to decrease inter-subject variability followed by embedding of enamel blocks in a passive palatal appliance (n=2) worn by human subjects with a lead-in period for 24 hours for the formation of dental pellicle. Simultaneously, ex-vivo demineralization using 20% sucrose 8x/day: 10am, 11am, 1pm, 2pm, 4pm, 5pm, 7pm, 8pm, and treatments with CaCO3, Ca3(PO4)2, APF and negative control (n=10) were done. Final SMH was measured and morphological examination was performed using a scanning electron microscope. One Way Analysis of Variance (p<0.05) was used with post hoc analysis using Bonferonni test.
Results: Results revealed that only the control group exhibited significant decrease (p=0.0002<0.05) in surface microhardness compared to all test groups. The test materials: (CaCO3), Ca3(PO4)2 showed comparable results with APF (p=0.0615). However, with multiple comparison, only (CaCO3) showed significant difference (p= 0.038) with the control. It only did not inhibit demineralization but it also increased in surface microhardness even with continued demineralization.
Conclusions: Calcium derivatives from oyster shells are comparable to the effect of the commercially available APF, and can be used as an alternative caries preventive regimen. Moreover, (CaCO3) has the potential to increase the hardness of the tooth enamel surface even with continued demineralization.
Methods: Forty bovine enamel blocks with a dimension of 4mmx4mmx2mm were measured for baseline surface microhardness (SMH). There is a one week wash out period using the same toothpaste to decrease inter-subject variability followed by embedding of enamel blocks in a passive palatal appliance (n=2) worn by human subjects with a lead-in period for 24 hours for the formation of dental pellicle. Simultaneously, ex-vivo demineralization using 20% sucrose 8x/day: 10am, 11am, 1pm, 2pm, 4pm, 5pm, 7pm, 8pm, and treatments with CaCO3, Ca3(PO4)2, APF and negative control (n=10) were done. Final SMH was measured and morphological examination was performed using a scanning electron microscope. One Way Analysis of Variance (p<0.05) was used with post hoc analysis using Bonferonni test.
Results: Results revealed that only the control group exhibited significant decrease (p=0.0002<0.05) in surface microhardness compared to all test groups. The test materials: (CaCO3), Ca3(PO4)2 showed comparable results with APF (p=0.0615). However, with multiple comparison, only (CaCO3) showed significant difference (p= 0.038) with the control. It only did not inhibit demineralization but it also increased in surface microhardness even with continued demineralization.
Conclusions: Calcium derivatives from oyster shells are comparable to the effect of the commercially available APF, and can be used as an alternative caries preventive regimen. Moreover, (CaCO3) has the potential to increase the hardness of the tooth enamel surface even with continued demineralization.