IADR Abstract Archives
Risk factors of oral clefts in Vietnamese children
Objectives: We investigated the association between oral clefts in Vietnamese children and maternal exposure in the first trimester to passive smoking, caffeine intake, liver consumption, folic acid supplement, and multivitamins use.
Methods: This case-control study recruited 170 mother-infant pairs. Cases were patients with isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate and those with cleft palate only at two Odonto-Stomatology hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Controls were children receiving routine immunization at Tu Du Hospital, matched to each case by gender and age. Mothers of both groups were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for primary exposures of interest.
Results: Mothers who consumed caffeine during the first trimester had higher risk of having a cleft infant than the non-users (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.89, 95% CI 1.08 to 32.00). Consumption of folic acid and multivitamins supplement in pregnant mothers during the first trimester reduced the risk of oral clefts (aOR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.09 and aOR 0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.13, respectively). No association was observed between maternal passive smoking or liver intake and oral clefts.
Conclusions: This study is one of the first studies to investigate risk factors of oral clefts in Vietnam. The results suggest that maternal caffeine intake in the first trimester was associated with increased risk, while folic acid and multivitamins supplementations were associated with decreased risk of oral clefts. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
Methods: This case-control study recruited 170 mother-infant pairs. Cases were patients with isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate and those with cleft palate only at two Odonto-Stomatology hospitals in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Controls were children receiving routine immunization at Tu Du Hospital, matched to each case by gender and age. Mothers of both groups were interviewed face-to-face using a structured questionnaire. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for primary exposures of interest.
Results: Mothers who consumed caffeine during the first trimester had higher risk of having a cleft infant than the non-users (adjusted OR [aOR] 5.89, 95% CI 1.08 to 32.00). Consumption of folic acid and multivitamins supplement in pregnant mothers during the first trimester reduced the risk of oral clefts (aOR 0.01, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.09 and aOR 0.03, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.13, respectively). No association was observed between maternal passive smoking or liver intake and oral clefts.
Conclusions: This study is one of the first studies to investigate risk factors of oral clefts in Vietnam. The results suggest that maternal caffeine intake in the first trimester was associated with increased risk, while folic acid and multivitamins supplementations were associated with decreased risk of oral clefts. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings.