IADR Abstract Archives
Antifungal Susceptibility of Oral Candida Isolates from HIV-infected Individuals
Objectives: Oral candidiasis is among the most common opportunistic infections in HIV-infected patients and often originates from existing Candida strains being carried in the oral cavity. Since antifungal drug resistance has become a global concern, this study aimed to determine the antifungal susceptibility of oral Candida isolates obtained from HIV-infected individuals without oral lesions.
Methods: Candida strains were isolated from oral rinse samples of 60 Thai HIV-infected individuals in Bangkok as described in our previous study (Thanyasrisung et al, 2014). The susceptibility of these isolates to two antifungal drugs, amphotericin B (AP) and fluconazole (FL), was examined by using Epsilometer test (E-test) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Results: Among the 66 Candida isolates obtained from the oral rinse samples, 41 (62.1%) were C. albicans and the rest were non albicans species, including C. parapsilosis (16.7%), C. krusei (7.6%), C. lusitaniae (6.1%), C. tropicalis (3%), C. dubliniensis (3%), and C. glabrata (1.5%). The MIC of FL ranged from 0.38 mg/ml to >256 mg/ml, while that of AP ranged from 0.032 to 2 mg/ml. Among C. albicans, 4 isolates (9.75%) were resistant to FL, 8 isolates (19.5%) showed intermediate level of resistance to FL, and one (2.44%) was resistant to AP. Among non-albicans Candida species, 4 (16%) isolates (2 isolates of C. lusitaniae, 1 of C. parapsilosis, and 1 of C. krusei) were resistant to FL, and 6 (24%) showed intermediate level of resistance to FL. For susceptibility to AP, 3 (12%) isolates (2 C.krusei and 1 C.parapsilosis) showed intermediate level of resistance.
Conclusions: We observed a degree of antifungal drug resistance to fluconazole and, to a lesser extent, amphotericin B among Candida species found as oral carriage in HIV-infected patients. These may be a source of antifungal resistance in cases with oral candidiasis.
Methods: Candida strains were isolated from oral rinse samples of 60 Thai HIV-infected individuals in Bangkok as described in our previous study (Thanyasrisung et al, 2014). The susceptibility of these isolates to two antifungal drugs, amphotericin B (AP) and fluconazole (FL), was examined by using Epsilometer test (E-test) to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) following the manufacturer’s instructions.
Results: Among the 66 Candida isolates obtained from the oral rinse samples, 41 (62.1%) were C. albicans and the rest were non albicans species, including C. parapsilosis (16.7%), C. krusei (7.6%), C. lusitaniae (6.1%), C. tropicalis (3%), C. dubliniensis (3%), and C. glabrata (1.5%). The MIC of FL ranged from 0.38 mg/ml to >256 mg/ml, while that of AP ranged from 0.032 to 2 mg/ml. Among C. albicans, 4 isolates (9.75%) were resistant to FL, 8 isolates (19.5%) showed intermediate level of resistance to FL, and one (2.44%) was resistant to AP. Among non-albicans Candida species, 4 (16%) isolates (2 isolates of C. lusitaniae, 1 of C. parapsilosis, and 1 of C. krusei) were resistant to FL, and 6 (24%) showed intermediate level of resistance to FL. For susceptibility to AP, 3 (12%) isolates (2 C.krusei and 1 C.parapsilosis) showed intermediate level of resistance.
Conclusions: We observed a degree of antifungal drug resistance to fluconazole and, to a lesser extent, amphotericin B among Candida species found as oral carriage in HIV-infected patients. These may be a source of antifungal resistance in cases with oral candidiasis.