Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Human Gingival Fibroblast Behaviors

Objectives: This study focused on the fabrication of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and evaluated its influences on human gingival fibroblasts’ (hGFs) behaviors, including their proliferation and migration.
Methods: PRP was prepared from human peripheral blood of a healthy volunteer and diluted into concentrations of 1%, 2% and 5%. hGFs’ proliferation was determined by using cell-number counting with hemocytometer method at day 1, 3, 5 and 7. The migration of hGFs was evaluated with scratch wound healing (SWH) assay, then recorded digital images were analysed by Image-Analysis J 1.51j8 software to compare the remaining artificial wound areas between groups at 0, 24 and 48h.
Results: hGFs that were cultivated in medium with 1%, 2% and 5% PRP were all able to proliferate and migrate. Cell number incubated with 1% PRP increased statistically during first 3 days and peaked at day 5, which has the similar tendency to the proliferation of hGFs in complete medium. At concentration of 2% and 5% PRP, hGFs outgrew and peaked at day 3 which was faster than those in group 1% PRP. Especially in group 5% PRP cells proliferated with significantly higher cell number than those in other groups at day 3. SWH assay showed that hGFs in group 2% and 5% PRP filled almost the artificial scratch and significantly migrated more effectively than group 1% PRP at 24h. The difference between group 2% and 5% PRP with group 1% PRP remained until 48h although no statistical significance was found.
Conclusions: Medium with different concentrations of PRP has distinctive influence on hGFs’ behaviors including proliferation and migration. In this study, because of its fast and effective impact on cell’s proliferation and migration, perhaps the medium with 5% PRP is the dominant option using to promote hGF’s abilities in wound healing.