IADR Abstract Archives
Comparative Analysis of Nicotine Dependence and Motivation to Quit Smoking among Employee and non-Employee Smokers
Objectives: Health reasons are the strongest motivation to quit smoking and dental professionals are the one who firstly detect the effect of smoking in oral cavity. The aim of this study was to analyze nicotine dependence and motivation to quit smoking among 125 respondents (34 employee and 91 non-employee smokers) with mean aged of 37.87±9.39 years.
Methods: An 11-scale of Contemplation ladder was used to evaluate the degree of motivation to quit smoking and Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ) to analyze the degree of nicotine dependence. Data on changes of mouth condition of the smokers were noted through direct examination in the oral cavity. The independent T-tests were performed to analyze any differences between the two groups.
Results: Most of respondents had smoked for more than 10 years with 10-20 cigarettes per day. The level of nicotine dependence in employee group indicated that 50% respondents had a category of being moderate while in non-employee group the category of being moderate was 72.5% and high 62.6%. This study showed the level of nicotine dependence category was much higher in the non-employee group while the level of motivation to stop smoking was higher in the employee group. The degree of nicotine dependence was 5.49±2.60 overall, including in employee group 3.53±2.49 and non-employee group 5.68±2.03. There were significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). The changes in the oral cavity condition found in smokers were discoloration of teeth (89.6%), melanosis (88%), periodontal disease (42.4%), and specific caries in smokers (37.6%). Health reason was the most affecting motivation to quit smoking among respondents (74.2%). Although only 13.3% were influenced by physicians, every dentist had to consider giving smokers the motivational information to quit smoking during the dental visit.
Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the importance role of dentists to develop smoking cessation program.
Methods: An 11-scale of Contemplation ladder was used to evaluate the degree of motivation to quit smoking and Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire (FTQ) to analyze the degree of nicotine dependence. Data on changes of mouth condition of the smokers were noted through direct examination in the oral cavity. The independent T-tests were performed to analyze any differences between the two groups.
Results: Most of respondents had smoked for more than 10 years with 10-20 cigarettes per day. The level of nicotine dependence in employee group indicated that 50% respondents had a category of being moderate while in non-employee group the category of being moderate was 72.5% and high 62.6%. This study showed the level of nicotine dependence category was much higher in the non-employee group while the level of motivation to stop smoking was higher in the employee group. The degree of nicotine dependence was 5.49±2.60 overall, including in employee group 3.53±2.49 and non-employee group 5.68±2.03. There were significant differences between the two groups (p<0.05). The changes in the oral cavity condition found in smokers were discoloration of teeth (89.6%), melanosis (88%), periodontal disease (42.4%), and specific caries in smokers (37.6%). Health reason was the most affecting motivation to quit smoking among respondents (74.2%). Although only 13.3% were influenced by physicians, every dentist had to consider giving smokers the motivational information to quit smoking during the dental visit.
Conclusions: The findings of this study highlight the importance role of dentists to develop smoking cessation program.