The Development of Iloprost Drug Delivery System using PGLA Microspheres

Objectives: Iloprost was reported to increase growth factors related to tissue healing. It has also been reported that iloprost could enhance the bone and tooth formation in vivo. However, iloprost has short half-life and was excreted quickly. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of nanocapsules PLGA (Poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid) microsphere as a carrier for PGI₂ (iloprost) delivery system for modifying drug release to improve the stability and prolonged release.
Methods: To mimic the clinical situation, mechanical pulp exposure was prepared in Wistar rats’ first molar (M1). Left M1 (Q2) teeth were treated with iloprost/PLGA (10^-6 M). All prepared teeth were restored with glass ionomer cement (GIC). After 30 days, animals were sacrificed and tooth specimens were collected. Micro CT and histological analysis were performed.
Results: Iloprost/PLGA microspheres group showed significantly increase in dental tissue forming confirmed by micro CT and histological analysis compared to control.
Conclusions: The PLGA microspheres delivery system for iloprost significantly increase in tertiary dentin formation in animal tooth injury models confirmed by micro CT and histological analysis. PLGA microspheres can be used in modified-iloprost release, which might change the therapeutic properties of the drugs and increase the longevity of the drug release system.