IADR Abstract Archives
Assessment of Dental Arch Relationships in South African Patients with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dental arch relationship of people with UCLP in the Western Cape (WC) region using the Goslon Yardstick
Methods: The study involved analyzing dental models of children who were between eight to 15 years old and had been diagnosed with UCLP, from January 1990 to October 2022 in the orthodontic clinics of the University of Western Cape (UWC). Prior to any alveolar bone grafting (ABG) or orthodontic intervention, three assessors used the Goslon Yardstick to evaluate the UCLP models. To reduce the effect of recall bias, the examiners evaluated one-third of the sample to determine inter and intra examiner reliability.
Results: Sixty-eight UCLP models between January 1990 to October 2022 were retrieved from the archives of orthodontic clinics at the UWC. The sample group consisted of individuals whose ages ranged from 7.5 to 15.6 years, with an average age of 11.5 years. Most of the sample consisted of females (52.94%), and in most instances (75%), the cleavage was situated on the left side. The average Goslon scores for the UCLP models in the Western Cape were 2.91. The Kappa scores for the agreement between assessors vary from .649 (between assessors 1 and 2) to .788 (between assessors 2 and 3). The intra-rater Kappa ranged from .681 ( Assessor 2) to .792 (Assessor 3). Most of the UCLP models were in Goslon categories 2 (32.4%) and 3 (32.4%) and there was equal distribution for categories 4 (13.2%) and 5 (13.6%).
Conclusions: In our study, Goslon showed very good kappa scores for inter-rater agreement ranging from 0.649 to 0.788. The intra-rater Kappa ranged from 0.681 to 0.792. In our Western Cape sample majority of the models were in Goslon category 2 (32.4%) and 3 (32.4%). Goslon of 2.9 is a fair result which indicates there is further improvement required to achieve Goslon scores similar to Gothenborg and the better units in Six Centre, Americleft etc. The results indicate a need for further investigation on a national level for a comprehensive assessment of surgical outcomes in South Africa.
Methods: The study involved analyzing dental models of children who were between eight to 15 years old and had been diagnosed with UCLP, from January 1990 to October 2022 in the orthodontic clinics of the University of Western Cape (UWC). Prior to any alveolar bone grafting (ABG) or orthodontic intervention, three assessors used the Goslon Yardstick to evaluate the UCLP models. To reduce the effect of recall bias, the examiners evaluated one-third of the sample to determine inter and intra examiner reliability.
Results: Sixty-eight UCLP models between January 1990 to October 2022 were retrieved from the archives of orthodontic clinics at the UWC. The sample group consisted of individuals whose ages ranged from 7.5 to 15.6 years, with an average age of 11.5 years. Most of the sample consisted of females (52.94%), and in most instances (75%), the cleavage was situated on the left side. The average Goslon scores for the UCLP models in the Western Cape were 2.91. The Kappa scores for the agreement between assessors vary from .649 (between assessors 1 and 2) to .788 (between assessors 2 and 3). The intra-rater Kappa ranged from .681 ( Assessor 2) to .792 (Assessor 3). Most of the UCLP models were in Goslon categories 2 (32.4%) and 3 (32.4%) and there was equal distribution for categories 4 (13.2%) and 5 (13.6%).
Conclusions: In our study, Goslon showed very good kappa scores for inter-rater agreement ranging from 0.649 to 0.788. The intra-rater Kappa ranged from 0.681 to 0.792. In our Western Cape sample majority of the models were in Goslon category 2 (32.4%) and 3 (32.4%). Goslon of 2.9 is a fair result which indicates there is further improvement required to achieve Goslon scores similar to Gothenborg and the better units in Six Centre, Americleft etc. The results indicate a need for further investigation on a national level for a comprehensive assessment of surgical outcomes in South Africa.