Antibacterial properties of a novel chitosan nanoparticle based intra-canal medicament
Objectives: The aim was to create a novel bioactive nanocomposite intra-canal medicament using chitosan nanoparticles (Ch-Np), loaded into Zeolite-Y as a carrier and evaluates its antimicrobial and biological properties against root canal pathogens. Methods: Ch-Np were synthesized from low molecular weight chitosan (LMW-Ch) using electrospraying. Ch-Np were characterized for their size and surface charge. The antimicrobial efficacy of Ch-Np was evaluated against S. mutans and E. faecalis in a planktonic state using a time-kill study and against biofilm biomass using microtiter plate biofilm assay. The antimicrobial efficacy of Ch-Np when loaded into Zeolite-Y was evaluated using agar diffusion test. Additionally, the effect of tissue inhibitors (dentine powder and serum albumin) on the antibacterial efficacy of Ch-NP-Zeolite nanocomposite was evaluated using a time-kill study. Finally, the cytotoxicity of LMW-Ch, Ch-Np, Zeolite-Y and Ch-Np-Zeolite nanocomposite was evaluated against 3T3 mouse fibroblast cells. Results: Electrospraying of LMW-Ch produced Ch-Np with average particle size of (430 nm) and a surface charge of (51.7 mV). Ch-Np eradicated S. mutans and E. faecalis in planktonic state within 30 minutes and 1 hour respectively and significant reduction in the biofilm biomass for both pathogens. Ch-Np loaded into Zeolite showed a mean diameter inhibition zone of 9.6 mm for S. mutans and 7.8 mm for E. faecalis. The presence of tissue inhibitors did not affect the antibacterial efficacy of Ch-Np-Zeolite nanocomposite. When tested for cytotoxicity using 3T3 cells none of the tested materials was shown to be cytotoxic. Conclusions: The novel Ch-Np- Zeolite nanocomposite completely eradicated S. mutans and E. faecalis even in the presence of tissue inhibitors. Furthermore it was shown to be non-cytotoxic.
South African Division Meeting
2018 South African Division Meeting (Gauteng Province, South Africa) Gauteng Province, South Africa
2018
Ibrahim, Amir
( University of the western cape
, Cape Town
, Western Cape
, South Africa
)
Moodley, D.s.
( University of the western cape
, Cape Town
, Western Cape
, South Africa
)
Petrik, Leslie
( University of The western Cape
, Cape Town
, Western Cape
, South Africa
)
Maboza, Ernest
( University of The western Cape
, Cape Town
, Western Cape
, South Africa
)
Olivier, Annette
( University of The western Cape
, Cape Town
, Western Cape
, South Africa
)