IADR Abstract Archives
Qualification of Ion-Exchanges With Bioactive GIC Restoration on Root Caries
Objectives: The objective of this study is to quantify the increased/decreased mineral concentration of root caries following the application of different restorative materials using non-destructive high-contrast X- ray microtomography (XMT).
Methods: A total of 93 extracted teeth with leathery root caries in severity indices 2 (cavitated) and 3 were assessed by the employment of clinical assessments, severity index and XMT. Six teeth were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each lesion was subsequently cleaned and polished with a non-fluoridated prophylaxis paste (NUPRO Dentsply, USA). Visual-tactile examinations were carried out to in relation to hardness, cavitation, texture, size and severity index of root caries in addition to the baseline XMT scans (5 hrs). Root carious lesions were then restored using two different GIC materials without removing the leathery carious lesions: bioactive GIC material (Caredyne Restore) and GIC material (Fuji VII), The teeth in the control group had toothbrushing alone using toothpaste with 1,450 ppm fluoride. These samples were immediately scanned and a further scan was performed after three weeks. Each tooth was placed in the artificial saliva (pH: 7) during this period and brushed twice a day using fluoridated (1,450 ppm) toothpaste. The time taken for each XMT scan was approximately 24 hrs. The XMT images were reconstructed for each tooth to measure the loss/gain at the demineralised sites.
Results: The XMT subtracted images clearly verified an increase in the Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC) within the leathery type carious dentine over three weeks. The bioactive glass ionomer cement showed significantly increased changes in LAC in comparison to the Fuji VII and control groups. Evidence of increased remineralisation and decreased demineralisation was observed with all groups.
Conclusions: This laboratory-based study demonstrated that high-contrast XMT is a useful apparatus to quantify the mineral loss/gain both from the GIC materials and root dentine. GIC materials, especially with the bioactive ingredient, used on cavitated root caries with severity indices 2 and 3 might have the potential to release ions in the demineralised dentine and promote remineralisation without the removal of carious lesions.
Methods: A total of 93 extracted teeth with leathery root caries in severity indices 2 (cavitated) and 3 were assessed by the employment of clinical assessments, severity index and XMT. Six teeth were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each lesion was subsequently cleaned and polished with a non-fluoridated prophylaxis paste (NUPRO Dentsply, USA). Visual-tactile examinations were carried out to in relation to hardness, cavitation, texture, size and severity index of root caries in addition to the baseline XMT scans (5 hrs). Root carious lesions were then restored using two different GIC materials without removing the leathery carious lesions: bioactive GIC material (Caredyne Restore) and GIC material (Fuji VII), The teeth in the control group had toothbrushing alone using toothpaste with 1,450 ppm fluoride. These samples were immediately scanned and a further scan was performed after three weeks. Each tooth was placed in the artificial saliva (pH: 7) during this period and brushed twice a day using fluoridated (1,450 ppm) toothpaste. The time taken for each XMT scan was approximately 24 hrs. The XMT images were reconstructed for each tooth to measure the loss/gain at the demineralised sites.
Results: The XMT subtracted images clearly verified an increase in the Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC) within the leathery type carious dentine over three weeks. The bioactive glass ionomer cement showed significantly increased changes in LAC in comparison to the Fuji VII and control groups. Evidence of increased remineralisation and decreased demineralisation was observed with all groups.
Conclusions: This laboratory-based study demonstrated that high-contrast XMT is a useful apparatus to quantify the mineral loss/gain both from the GIC materials and root dentine. GIC materials, especially with the bioactive ingredient, used on cavitated root caries with severity indices 2 and 3 might have the potential to release ions in the demineralised dentine and promote remineralisation without the removal of carious lesions.