A link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular risk (CVR), mediated via inflammation, has been proposed. Inflammation has marked effects on the microcirculation, although whether the oral microcirculation contributes to the above link is not established. Recent advances in technology may enable exploration of its involvement. Thus, the aim of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility and reproducibility of Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) imaging in assessing the gingival capillary density in healthy subjects.
Methods:
The gingival capillary density of six healthy female subjects (22-49 years) was assessed using a handheld Microscan Video Microscope. Three specific sites were examined in each subject, the marginal gingivae of the central incisors, and between the cuspid canine and premolar on the left and right side of the upper jaw. Capillary density was calculated per mm2 using Capiscope and the intra-/inter subject variability analysed.
Results:
Mean capillary density was 184.6±21.7/mm2 (mean±standard deviation). The intra-subject coefficient of variation across the three sites assessed was 15.7±4.0% (mean±SD)
Conclusions:
This preliminary study demonstrates that SDF imaging of the gingival microcirculation is feasible and gives a reproducible assessment. Due to inherent variability between areas, several sites of measurement will be required to obtain a value representative of an individual's capillary density.
This study was funded by Colgate Palmolive