IL-1, IL-1R Concentration in Gingival Crevicular Fluid after Mechanical Stress

Objectives: It is well known that the early phase of orthodontic tooth movement causes an acute inflammatory response and that is why several cytokines are present in GCF. Aim of the study was to establish the relation between IL1ratio, IL1R ratio and the distal velocity of tooth movement. Methods: The measurement of IL1 in experimental tooth to IL1 in control tooth (IL1 ratio); IL1R in experimental tooth to IL1R in control tooth (IL1R ratio); were performed in eight children (4 boys and 4 girls), with the mean aged 15 ±2.4 years, after maxillary first premolar extraction, maxillary canines were retracted in distal movement. The level of IL-1 and IL-1R was measured in the GCF in mesial and distal sides of experimental and control canines before activation, 48 and 168 hours after applied retraction force of 250 g. Each paper strip was inserted for both sides, in 2 mm deep, for 30 second and after 1minute the procedure was repeated for each tooth. The volume of GCF was assessed by using Periotron. Both cytokines were measured by immunochemical method and the concentration was expressed in relation to total GCF protein. Results: The ratio of IL1 in distal side of experimental to distal side of control tooth increased from 0.48 to 0.90 after 48 hours and changes to 0.65 after 168 hours. The ratio of IL1R in distal side of experimental to distal side of control tooth increased from 0,49 to 0,75 after 48 hours and changes to 0,52 after 168 hours. No changes of IL1 and IL1R were noted for mesial sides. Conclusion: The increase of IL1ratio and IL1R ratio in GCF after application of orthodontic forces may indicate a local inflammatory response on the distal side of the distalized tooth.