Synthetic Hydroxyapatite and Deproteinized Bovine Bone in Maxillary Sinus Lift

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate new bone formation in maxillary sinus elevations, on sheep model, utilizing a new Hydroxyapatite (HA) (Fin-Ceramica), with granules of 0.8-2 mm and Deproteinized Bovine Bone (DBB) (Bio-Oss) with a trabecular formation and dimensions of 1-2 mm. Methods: Two sinus lifts were carried out on each animal, one animal with HA and other with DBB, at distance of 3 months in order to evaluate healing at 3 and 6 months from the procedures. Each samples was analyzed at C.T.scan, X-Ray microanalysis, SEM and Histological Examination. Results: The C.T. scan showed how in the HA samples, bone density at 3 months was 1958 U.H., while after 6 months it was 2072 U.H. In DBB samples bone density at 3 months was 1923 U.H.; while at 6 months it was 2317 U.H. X-Ray microanalysis demonstrated how the calcium concentration in HA samples was 38.4% at 3 months and 33.5% at 6 months, while in DBB samples the value at 3 months was 46.4% and 43.4% at 6 months. SEM study showed how in the both the HA samples and the DBB samples the biomaterial particles were seen in new bone tissue. Neither sample showed macroscopically a great difference in the quantity of new bone present; although at 6 months we saw a high amount of remodelling. Histological analysis showed at 3 months angiogenesis phenomena and invasion of connective tissue rich in collagen fibers as well as new-formed bone. At 6 months there was a dominance of bone remodelling especially with DBB samples. Conclusions: Ha and DBB give very similar results in quantity and quality in the remodelling of new formed bone.