IADR Abstract Archives
Bioactivity of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite Composite Templates for Periodontal Tissue Engineering
Objectives: To evaluate and characterise the in vitro apatite layer formation capability of Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite (CH/HA) composite membranes and freeze gelated scaffolds for periodontal tissue regeneration by deploying them in an aqueous medium of simulated body fluid (SBF).
Methods: Neat CH and CH/HA composite membranes and CH/HA composite freeze gelated scaffolds were fabricated using the techniques of solvent casting and freeze gelation respectively.
The synthesised templates were subsequently subjected to an ex-vivo immersion protocol in SBF.
Quantitative (weight profile) analysis and characterisation using Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy/Attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were then performed on the membranes and scaffolds to ascertain the physical and chemical nature of the formed precipitate on the surface of the templates at different time points (in days) over a total period of 21 days for each specimen type.
Results: An increased tendency towards calcium phosphate nucleation and precipitation was noted in the low molecular weight (LMW) CH: HA 70: 30 membranes and medium molecular weight (MMW) freeze gelated scaffolds with acetic acid CH: HA 50:50 post immersion in SBF as revealed by SEM.
A surface and cross section SEM inspection of the templates revealed surface deposition on day 1, which becomes further enriched by day 14 on the surface of LMW CH:HA 70:30 membranes and on the surface of freeze gelated Acetic acid CH: HA 50:50 scaffolds with overall reduced porosities by day 21.
The findings were supplemented by FTIR/ATR analysis, and weight profile studies showing a net gain in weight of the LMW CH:HA composite membranes by day 21 of the experiment.
Conclusions: The LMW CH:HA 70: 30 membranes and MMW Freeze gelated scaffolds with acetic acid CH:HA 50:50 were the most responsive in terms of formation of a surface coating of an in organic precipitate and later bone mineral like apatite.
They were identified as strong candidates for further bioactivity studies in the way of developing spatially designed and functionally graded biomimetic templates that facilitate bonding to bone in the living body via this apatite layer with the required mechanical and handling properties.
Methods: Neat CH and CH/HA composite membranes and CH/HA composite freeze gelated scaffolds were fabricated using the techniques of solvent casting and freeze gelation respectively.
The synthesised templates were subsequently subjected to an ex-vivo immersion protocol in SBF.
Quantitative (weight profile) analysis and characterisation using Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy/Attenuated total reflectance (FTIR/ATR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were then performed on the membranes and scaffolds to ascertain the physical and chemical nature of the formed precipitate on the surface of the templates at different time points (in days) over a total period of 21 days for each specimen type.
Results: An increased tendency towards calcium phosphate nucleation and precipitation was noted in the low molecular weight (LMW) CH: HA 70: 30 membranes and medium molecular weight (MMW) freeze gelated scaffolds with acetic acid CH: HA 50:50 post immersion in SBF as revealed by SEM.
A surface and cross section SEM inspection of the templates revealed surface deposition on day 1, which becomes further enriched by day 14 on the surface of LMW CH:HA 70:30 membranes and on the surface of freeze gelated Acetic acid CH: HA 50:50 scaffolds with overall reduced porosities by day 21.
The findings were supplemented by FTIR/ATR analysis, and weight profile studies showing a net gain in weight of the LMW CH:HA composite membranes by day 21 of the experiment.
Conclusions: The LMW CH:HA 70: 30 membranes and MMW Freeze gelated scaffolds with acetic acid CH:HA 50:50 were the most responsive in terms of formation of a surface coating of an in organic precipitate and later bone mineral like apatite.
They were identified as strong candidates for further bioactivity studies in the way of developing spatially designed and functionally graded biomimetic templates that facilitate bonding to bone in the living body via this apatite layer with the required mechanical and handling properties.
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