IADR Abstract Archives
A New Insight on Saliva Swallowing Patterns.
Objectives: To analyze the tongue movement in healthy participants during the swallowing of saliva according to the type of swallowing pattern.
Methods: 15 men and 15 women, healthy, without anatomical and functional alterations, older than 18 years were evaluated (Scientific Ethics Committee approval n ° 001/2017). Tongue movement was recorded during the spontaneous swallowing of saliva for one minute (3 repetitions) with 3D Electromagnetic Articulography (3D EMA). For this, nine sensors were placed in different anatomical points of head and neck, three of the sensors were placed in the anterior, middle and posterior part of the tongue. The data obtained with 3D EMA were processed with Matlab and from the obtained graphs the swallowing pattern (Bourdiol et al.) of each participant was determined by direct observation.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.5 ± 4.2 years, an average of 3 ± 1.32 swallows / minute was observed. In the superior-inferior axis, statistical differences were found in the anterior portion between patterns I and III (p = 0.29), also in the middle portion for pattern I and III (p = 0.001) and II and III (p = 0.011) and in the posterior portion, differences were found between patterns II and III (p = 0.001). In the posterior-anterior axis, statistical difference was observed in the anterior portion between pattern I and III (p = 0.004), and in the middle portion between patterns I and III (p = 0.033) no statistical differences were observed for the posterior portion. In the medial-lateral axis, no statistical differences were observed between the patterns for the anterior (p = 0.524), middle (p = 0.102) and posterior (p = 0.237) portions between the patterns.
Conclusions: It was possible to identify three patterns according with those described in the literature and register the range of displacement of each lingual portion in different axes with numerical data of high precision. In pattern III, the largest range of displacement of the three tongue portions in the superior-inferior axis was observed. In the posterior-anterior axis, the smallest displacement was observed in the anterior portion for the three patterns.
Methods: 15 men and 15 women, healthy, without anatomical and functional alterations, older than 18 years were evaluated (Scientific Ethics Committee approval n ° 001/2017). Tongue movement was recorded during the spontaneous swallowing of saliva for one minute (3 repetitions) with 3D Electromagnetic Articulography (3D EMA). For this, nine sensors were placed in different anatomical points of head and neck, three of the sensors were placed in the anterior, middle and posterior part of the tongue. The data obtained with 3D EMA were processed with Matlab and from the obtained graphs the swallowing pattern (Bourdiol et al.) of each participant was determined by direct observation.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 24.5 ± 4.2 years, an average of 3 ± 1.32 swallows / minute was observed. In the superior-inferior axis, statistical differences were found in the anterior portion between patterns I and III (p = 0.29), also in the middle portion for pattern I and III (p = 0.001) and II and III (p = 0.011) and in the posterior portion, differences were found between patterns II and III (p = 0.001). In the posterior-anterior axis, statistical difference was observed in the anterior portion between pattern I and III (p = 0.004), and in the middle portion between patterns I and III (p = 0.033) no statistical differences were observed for the posterior portion. In the medial-lateral axis, no statistical differences were observed between the patterns for the anterior (p = 0.524), middle (p = 0.102) and posterior (p = 0.237) portions between the patterns.
Conclusions: It was possible to identify three patterns according with those described in the literature and register the range of displacement of each lingual portion in different axes with numerical data of high precision. In pattern III, the largest range of displacement of the three tongue portions in the superior-inferior axis was observed. In the posterior-anterior axis, the smallest displacement was observed in the anterior portion for the three patterns.