Identification of Genetic susceptibility shared loci to periodontitis & T2D induced by High Fat Food using CC-Mice

Objectives: Previous studies have suggested that obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) have an association in the pathogenesis and development of alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. Here We initiated a study to dissect the host genetic susceptibility loci underlying alveolar bone loss induced by perio-pathogens (periodontitis) associated with T2D development induced by High Fat Food (HFD) using the collaborative cross (CC) mouse population
Methods: 468 mice from 35 different CC lines were assessed in this study. The mice were divided into three groups; 1) control mice (maintained on chow); 2) infected mice (infected orally with P.gingivalis & F.nucluatum using the mixed oral infection model); 3) mice maintained on dietary challenge (maintained on HFD - 42% fat for 12 weeks). Intraperitoneal Glucose Tolerance Test (IPGTT) was conducted at the terminal point on the dietary challenge group. At the end of the experiments, the maxillary jaws were harvested and bone volume was quantified by micro-CT technique.
Results: The level of alveolar bone vary between the different CC lines both in the control mice and following bacterial infection or the high fat food. Some CC lines showed a significant alveolar bone loss following both bacterial challenge and dietary challenge, while others not. Interestingly, there is a correlation between the effect of bacterial challenge and the fat diet on the alveolar bone level. Surprisingly, some of the tested lines showed increased bone volumes after both challenges. Statistical analysis has shown a significant correlation (P<0.05) between impaired glucose tolerance and bone volume among dietary challenge. Genotype and phenotype data will be used to perform quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping association with both phenotypes.
Conclusions: Our results may provide a novel basis for the development of alternative therapeutic targets to control periodontitis among T2D patients.