Mutans streptococci and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans levels, in Aggressive Periodontitis patients

Objectives: Aggressive Periodontitis (AP) and Dental Caries are oral infectious diseases, caused by different types of bacteria. Whereas AP most commonly caused by gram-negative microorganisms among which the predominant pathogen is Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), it is well established that caries is caused by gram-positive mutans streptococci (ms). In previous studies, it was observed that AP patients had significantly less proximal caries than a control matched group of patients. The purpose of the present study was to examine the correlation between clinical parameters to ms and Aa saliva levels, of AP patients, prior to periodontal therapy. Materials and Methods: The present study included 36 participants, who underwent the following oral and microbiological measurements: a. Clinical parameters recording (Probing, Bleeding and DMFT indices). b. Saliva sample for Aa levels on TSBV agar: Aa colonies were identified according to colony morphology. c. Saliva ms levels using a kit for evaluation of adherent cariogenic bacteria (RY kit): ms Colony density and caries risk were compared to a reference chart. Results: A significant inverse correlation was found between saliva levels of ms and Aa (P = 0.009). A significant association was found between saliva Aa counts and the number of periodontal pockets of 7 mm and more (P = 0.03). Conclusions: The inverse correlation between the ms and Aa saliva levels may support previous assumption as to the existence of a salivary factor in Aa-positive subjects, which may have an effect on ms. An association between Aa saliva counts and the number of deep periodontal pockets, reinforces the current approach of adjunctive antibiotic treatment to mechanical debridement.