Methods: A VSRV composing of an antimicrobial agent embedded in a polymeric matrix was prepared. In-vitro antibacterial efficacy of the VSRV was assessed in bioassays using S. mutans ATCC 27351 and clinically isolated Streptococci (dogs). In-vivo efficacy of the VSRV with chlorhexidine (CHX) was assessed on a group of 10 Dackel dogs (ages: 2-5 years). VSRV was applied to the buccal areas of the dogs¢ teeth using a swab. Microbial samples from the oral cavity were taken before and after the application. The quantity of oral bacteria was determined by plating the saliva samples on selective agar media (mutans streptococci; Anaerobes; volatile sulfur compounds (VSC¢s) producing bacteria and total bacterial counts). Bacterial growth was enumerated in a semi-quantity manner.
Results: VSRV of CHX showed the best prolonged antimicrobial activity in-vitro compared to Cetylpyridinium-Chloride and a placebo formulation. An application of the VSRV with CHX (4%w/v) on dog's dentition caused significant reduction of oral bacteria: general bacteria, streptococci and anaerobes bacteria during time (Dbefore-after 2 days application=39%, 18%, 9% respectively). However, this VSRV had little effect on VSC¢s producing bacteria, an indicator for halitosis. Embedding flavors in the varnish significantly increased the dogs¢ compliance to the VSRV.
Conclusions: A VSRV containing an antimicrobial agent (CHX) is a novel and simple method with great potential for reducing and treating dental diseases in dogs.