Platelet-Rich Plasma and Bovine-Derived Xenograft Combination in Advanced Chronic Periodontitis

Objective: Prominence has been given recently to the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in combination with bone graft materials as a treatment modality for predictably obtaining periodontal regeneration through bioengineering. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of a regenerative procedure based on combined PRP and bovine-derived xenograft (BDX) application in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects. Methods: Twenty advanced chronic periodontitis patients, aged 32-61 years, were included. A total of 85 intrabony defects with an associated probing depth (PD) of > 6 mm and an intrabony component of > 3 mm were selected. Defects were surgically treated with PRP/BDX. At baseline and 12 months after surgery, the following clinical and radiographical parameters were recorded: plaque and sulcus bleeding indices, PD, marginal soft tissue and relative attachment levels, probing bone and radiographic bone levels. Results: No adverse event related to the use of PRP was noted. At 12 months postoperatively, clinical and radiographic parameters were improved when compared to baseline (p<0.001). The mean changes at 12 months at the deepest sites were: PD reduction of 4.78±1.20 mm, recession of 0.54±0.34 mm, attachment gain of 4.24±1.03 mm, clinical bone gain of 3.75±0.97 mm, and radiographic bone gain of 3.79±1.02 mm, respectively. Conclusions: Treatment with a combination of PRP and BDX leads to a significantly favorable clinical and radiographic improvements from baseline in intrabony periodontal defects with increased stabilization of whole dentition including the hopeless teeth.