Long term success of single implants replacing a single molar

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the complications and long-term success and survival of single implants replacing a single molar. Methods: The study was based on a consecutive cohort of 81 patients (42% males and 58% females), ranging in age from 18 to 74 years (average 45.6 years), who received single implants replacing a single molar between the years 1994 and 2003. Inclusion criteria were implant replacing a molar between two natural teeth. Data regarding the incidence of complications, as well as success and survival rate of these implants, were recorded. Post-operative panoramic radiographs were taken before implant exposure and then once every 12 to 24 months. All radiographs were analyzed for changes in marginal bone loss. Results: Range of follow-up was from 6 to 125 months (mean 36 months). Smoking was reported by 18.5% of patients. Replacement of a mandibular molar was more frequent (87.7%); 25.9% of implants were placed immediately following tooth extraction. In 32.1%, implants were submerged (with healing cups for 3-6 months). Two implants were used to replace a single molar in 7 patients (8.6%). Failure rate was 7.4% (6 implants failed; 3 had broken necks and 3 because of infection or bone loss). Complications included suppuration in 12.3% and pocket around the implant in two patient (2.5%). No relation was found between failure, complications, timing of implant placement and smoking habits. Conclusion: A single implant can serve as a good and very predictable treatment modality to replace a single molar with low complication and failure rates.