Analysis of demographics and post operative complications relating to mandibular angle fractures in a National Maxillofacial Unit

Objectives: Objectives: Mandibular angle fractures (MAF) have an increased risk of incurring
complications compared to other mandibular fractures. These fractures are associated with
assaults and a younger, predominantly male age group. There are a recognised variety of
options for treatment of MAF, none of which have not demonstrated a convincing
superiority. This study aims to establish the incidence of post-operative complications and
reoperation of isolated MAF in the National Maxillofacial Unit, St James Hospital.
Methods: Methods: A single centre, retrospective cohort study was conducted for a single calendar
year. Patients undergoing open reduction with internal fixation with an isolated MAF and no
other facial fractures were identified from a retrospectively obtained database of
mandibular fractures. Complications were scored as minor (treated as outpatients) and
major (involving a return to theatre).
Results: Results: This cohort study included 45 patients. The average age was 27.3 (SD=7.7) and 84%
(38/45) were male. All patients were treated in a similar fashion, with standardised pre-
surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis. Intermaxillary fixation was employed according to
surgeon preference. A comparatively low rate of complications (11.1%) and a low rate of
reoperation (1.8%) is reported, along with a significant role of smoking in complications
(p=0.022). A non-significant association was noted between complications and male gender
(p=0.28) as an aetiological factor. No association was noted between surgical approach and
complication rates (p=0.44).
Conclusions: Conclusions: Review of the data from this study confirms that complication rates for
patients attending the National Maxillofacial Unit are similar to or better than that of
international studies.