Morphology of root canal system in mandibular second molars using CBCT assessment in an Iranian population

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of internal anatomy of mandibular second molar root based on vertucci classification using CBCT in Iranian population.CBCT scans were taken from patients who have been investigated since the last 8 months in a private clinic for various dental treatments. Anatomical reporting from the root canal as far back as one hundred thirty years ago indicates that the internal anatomy of the teeth may vary by age, sex, and race. If we divide the different methods used for these studies into two types of in-vivo and in-vitro, we will notice fewer in-vivo methods.Since the late 1990s, CBCT has attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of canal morphology with the advent of dentistry.Teeth without the history of previous root canal treatment, post placement, periapical lesion(s), root resorption, and calcification(s) were taken. The scans were taken with the following parameters: 110 KVP voltage, in two format types (full and zoom) by using NewTome software (Verona, Italy). Scans were retrieved from sagittal, axial, and frontal sections (0.24-0.003 mm). Mandibular second molar sections were moved from coronal to apical; all of the observations were reported. Descriptive statistical data were reported for all selected teeth. Exact chi-square and marginal hemogenity tests were used. In this descriptive study a total of 319 mandibular second molars in 221 patients were evaluated. Bilateral absences of second molars were reported in 98 patients. The most common morphological findings for the second molars were: 2 roots (81.5%), type I distal canal(98 %), and type III mesial canals. The prevalence of bilateral occurrence of C-shaped configuration was 5.1%. It could be finally concluded that root morphology and root canal anatomy of the mandibular second molars do not significantly differ between male and female subjects and in left and right sides. The frequency of C-shaped configuration in the teeth of interest is relatively high in this Iranian sub-population.