Diagnostic biomarkers in peri-implantitis

Introduction: The application of dental implants has been growing in recent decades. Complications of this application are also increasing in the oral cavity. One of the complications of dental implants is peri-implantitis. The aim of the current study was to review articles which have conducted studies for peri-implant diseases including peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. Methods: The present study includes a series of articles related to peri-implantitis and periodontitis and salivary biomarkers since 1990 found by search engines including PUBMED, EBSCO, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, CDSR and related books in both Persian and English languages. Results : Various studies have suggested some factors such as poor health, smoking, history of previous periodontitis, diabetes, inheritance patterns, alcohol consumption and implant levels as major risk factors for per implantitis. Laboratory and clinical studies have been used to identify the diagnostic factors of periodontal disease, including probing parameters, radiographic studies, PISF (Peri-Implantitis Sulcular Fluid), and salivary biomarkers. Among matrix metalloproteinases, collagenase-2 (MMP-8) is one of the most important mediators for tissue damage around the tooth which is seen in active and increased forms of GCF (Gingival Crevicular Fluid) and PSIF. Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies related to MMP-8 are used to diagnose, monitor or treat periodontal disease and peri-implant disease. Conclusion : Patients with previous history of periodontitis, diabetes and poor health have a greater potential for peri-implantitis. MMP-8, TIMP-1 (Tissue Inhibitor Matrix metalloproteinases), ICTP (Pyridinoline cross-linked Carboxyterminal Telopeptide of type 1 collagen) Increase in advanced periodontitis.