Methods: In the present study, isolated pulp stem cells from human molars were cultured and expanded. The cells from passage 3 were then loaded onto (MTA) and Biodentine cement plugs and treated with odontogenic supplements (OSs) that included vitamin D3 for a period of 7 days. DPSCs cultivated on cement plugs and normal pulp tissue were the controls. These groups were compared in terms of odontogenic differentiation markers.
Results: The activity of Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the levels of dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) expression and dentine matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP1) genes tended to be significantly higher in the MTA and control (P<0.05). 3D culture on endodontic cement without OS showed a level of differentiation indicating an odontogenic property of the endodontic cement.
Conclusions: Regenerative endodontic is now considered a facile therapy to efficiently restore tooth function. After a tooth injury, dental pulp is involved in reparative dentinogenesis and may be exposed to endodontic cement including MTA and biodentne. The present study revealed the differentiation level of the cells is significantly lower than that of odontoblasts present in pulp tissue. Both MTA and Biodentine cements possess an odontogenic-inducing property.