Methods: 40 subject requiring tooth extraction and implant placement were selected. Patients were randomly divided into control (without Bio-Oss) and case (Bio-Oss and silk mixture) groups. The parameters of plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, horizontal ridge width and vertical ridge changes were measured, immediately and 6 month after extraction. A bone biopsy was taken from the extraction site in both groups 6 months after surgical treatment. Histological study was performed on all biopsy samples. Paired t-test was used for data analysis and significance level considered as P<0.05.
Results: In the control group, a significantly greater horizontal absorption was observed compared with the case group. The ridge height reduction in control group was 4.1±1.9 mm and 2.9±1.3 mm at buccal side and lingual site, respectively. However, in the case group it was 3 mm in buccal side. Biopsies taken from the grafted sites showed the presence of trabecular bone which was highly mineralized and well structured. Histological examination revealed that the amount of connective tissue was significantly higher in the control group compared to the case group.
Conclusions: Results confirmed that dental socket preservation approach using Bio-Oss in combination with silk significantly reduce the resorption of dental socket after tooth extraction.