Methods: According to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 12 healthy volunteers (6 in each group) who accepted our protocol and consented for the study were selected. Similar or identical bone particle sizes were selected from the two products, namely Bio-Oss™ (as an animal derived bone) and Faraz-Kish™ (as a human derived bone), in each surgical approach to augment the partially edentulous areas that had insufficient width or height for placing implants of 10 mm or more. The decision of bone quantity was based on the cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) obtained in one center by only one radiologist. One edentulous area for each patient on the same jaw was left non-grafted to act as a control group and one edentulous area was grafted with one material for comparison. Xenograft and allograft groups were compared with each other and with their corresponding control groups using before and after values reported on the digital CBCTs.
Results: To obtain post grafting results, 6 months laps' period was considered as a proper time before the grafted area was subjected to control CBCT. This and the number of subjects necessary to draw a conclusion took 3 years for the study to complete. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Walis test and the level of significance was set at P<0.05. The results showed significant differences between the grafted and non-grafted areas. Comparison between the xeno and allografts also showed significant differences in the amount of bone obtained after grafting.
Conclusions: Human derived bone grafts showed better bone quality and quantity after 6 months of grafting as opposed to animal derived bone substitutes.