Methods: To perform a systematic review, we searched Scopus, Pubmed, Science Direct and Medline.10 articles were found: 3 experimental animal studies and 7 retrospective clinical studies in humans.
Results: In most studies the comparison of more proclined teeth and less proclined teeth or untreated teeth showed higher occurrence or severity of gingival recession. The correlation between the extent of gingival recession and the amount of incisor proclination during treatment, width of attached gingiva, hygiene, periodontal condition or thickness of the symphysis was different among the studies. There are no high quality animal or clinical studies on this topic. Movement of the incisors out of the osseous envelope of the alveolar process may be associated with a higher tendency for developing gingival recessions.
Conclusions: The difference between amount of recession in proclined and non-proclined incisors is small so paying attention to all the factors associated with gingival recession other than proclination of the teeth is very important in orthodontic treatment.