Host immune and defensive mechanisms play an important role in the multifactorial disease of periodontitis. Since PECAM-1 is involved in the transmigration of inflammatory cells therefore polymorphism of this molecule might affect the inflammatory process in periodontitis. Our aim in this study was to investigate the possible genetic association between three Ser563Asn, Leu125Val and Arg670Gly polymorphisms of the PECAM-1 gene and periodontitis.
Methods:
Genomic DNAs were extracted from whole blood samples of 05 periodontal patient (52 with chronic periodontitis and 53 with aggressive periodontitis) and 101 healthy individuals using the Miller’s salting out teqnique. Samples were genotyped for the PECAM-1 polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP).
Results:
A statistically significant difference was found between the genotypic distributions of the Ser563Asn polymorphism in patients with periodontitis compared to controls (P=0.02). The GG homozygous genotype was 23.8% in the control group and 13.3% in patients. The AA combination was 12.4% in patients and 4% in controls. There was no statistically significant difference between the allele frequencies in the different groups (P=0.05). the other two polymorphisms did not show a statistically significant difference in their allele and genotype frequencies between the groups. There was no statistically significant difference found for any of the polymorphisms allele and genotype distribution in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Although there was no significant association found in this study but more research is still necessary to determine whether this polymorphism can be used as a genetic marker of periodontitis.
Conclusions:
No significant association was found between the polymorphism tested and the subgroups of periodontitis.