Morbimortality for Cranial and Face Traumas in Brazil, between 2000 and 2015.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to present the profile and evolution of hospital morbidity and mortality, caused by skull and face traumas in Brazil, from 2000 to 2015, for a better understanding of associated variables and temporal trends.
Methods: It was an ecological study of time series with secondary data. The information on morbimortality of skull and face traumas was obtained from the System of Hospitalizations, made available by the Portal of the Informatics Department of SUS (DATASUS). The total number of hospitalizations and deaths resulting from lesions and head and skull traumas in Brazil and its five macroregions in the 26 States and the Federal District were analyzed using multivariable descriptive statistics K means for longitudinal data.
Results: Global hospitalization rate has declined over the years, going from 731.8 to 569.2, exhibiting a variation in 2008, while mortality rate has gradually increased from 18,8 to 23,3. In the S02 category (craniofacial traumatism), throughout the series studied, 455.427 admissions occurred (4: 1 for men) and 3.493 deaths (6: 1 for men). In relation to macroregions in Brazil, the largest number of hospitalizations occurred in the Southeast macroregion, 40.34% (183.727) and the minor in the Center-West, 7.34% (33.449). The rate of in-patient deaths was 19.38 for the Southeast macro-region and 2.98 for the Center-West. The most compromised age group was between 20 and 29 years, and the least affected was between 60 and 80 years and more. The lesions S02.6 (mandible) represented 33.51% of hospitalizations, followed by S02.4 (malar and maxilar) 26.01%, S02.2 (nasal bones) 19.27%, and S02.5 (teeth) 1.18%. The vault fractures were responsible for the highest number of deaths, 36.99% (1.292).
Conclusions: It was concluded that the mortality rate due to lesions was superior to that due to skull and face traumas, identifying patterns of comportment in time and space. The mortality rate decreased for both sexes in all macroregions, with the exception of the North, where there was an increase, but this difference tended to decrease over the analyzed series.