Horizontal Width Changing after Gingival Margin Displacement

Objectives: Horizontal and vertical displacement of the free gingival tissue should be accomplished prior to taking impression.The mechanical-chemical method using cotton cord soaked in different medicament is the most commonly administered gingival retraction technique. The aim of this study was to find  the most effective retraction solution providing adeqate tissue displacement with the widest crevicular space opening the longest. Methods: Knitted cord ( 00#, Ultrapack) was presoaked in physiological saline (Group(Gr)1), AlCl₃ (Gr2), Fe₂(SO₄)₂ (Gr3), 0.1%epinephrine (Gr4), 0.01% epinephrine (Gr5) and placed into the gingival sulcus in 10 healthy subject with good oral hygiene. Impression were taken before (B) and immediately (Imp0) after the removal of the retraction cord and in the 2(Imp2), 7(Imp7), 12(Imp12), 17(Imp17) minutes in the postremoval period. Cast models were prepared. The crest of the gingival margin (CGM) and the tooth surface(TS) were marked on the model at 5 points, photographed with digital camera (Coolpix) connected to a surgical microscop at 6.5x magnification. The crevicular width between CGM and TS at five points in all model were measured using computer program (UTHSCA). Statistical analysis was conducted by Bonferoni test. Result: Removal of cord resulted in significant increment of sulcus width at Imp0 and Imp2   ( P<0.001) as compared to the corresponding values of B in all group tested. The increased sulcus width lasted untill the end of the experiments in the group 3,4,5 ( p<0.001; p<0.01). There were significant differences between Gr1 and Gr4 in each timepoint, and Gr1 and Gr3 at the Imp0.  Conclusion: Present study suggests that the most effective soaking solution in gingiva displacement seems to be the 0.1 % epinephrine.This study was suppoted by OTKA 042584 and SE, Faculty of Dentistry.