New Developments in Air Abrasive Research

The measurement of airbrasion cutting efficiency and imaging cutting interactions are requirements for the assessment of these developments. We have devised techniques that quantify dynamic cutting, controlling the associated variables. Instrument related factors affecting cutting efficiency include: the relationship of nozzle to abraded surface, the use of water shrouding of the propellant stream, variable air pressures and the use of different gases. Substrate related factors include: hardness e.g. sound / carious tissue, selective removal of composite and restoration repair.

A further major development is the use of bioactive-glass powders as the impacting agent: they can differ in hardness giving selective tissue removal. Residual debris also confers useful properties in encouraging remineralisation of surfaces by promoting the deposition of hydroxycarbonate apatite. Such powders can remove weakened carious tissue, surface preparation for composite restoration repair and prophylaxis e.g. following orthodontic bracket removal.

Combining these new powder developments with modern airbrasive machines delivers a versatile and powerful addition to the dental armamentarium that can improve caries diagnosis, support the philosophy of minimal intervention and develop reparative dentistry beyond existing boundaries.