IADR Abstract Archives
In Vivo Evaluation of Electrophoresis-Aided Remineralization On the Surface Topography and Chemical Composition Of Demineralized Enamel
Objectives: This in vivo animal study aimed to evaluate whether an electrophoresis-aided system would improve the remineralization of demineralized enamel more than the traditional technique in rabbits with initial enamel lesions using different remineralizing agents.
Methods: Initial enamel lesion was produced following an acid etching, three remineralizing agents (nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP), casein phospho-peptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and bioactive glass (BAG)) were applied to the labial surface with traditional and with electrophoresis-aided techniques according to manufacture instructions. Surface topography and chemical composition were evaluated using ESEM/EDX at baseline, after demineralization, and after remineralization at different periods: (two weeks, five weeks, for the traditional technique, and three hours, five hours for the electrophoresis-aided technique). ESEM images were imported into Image J. software for further analysis.
Results: P ≤ 0.05 was used to compare different variables using the ANOVA test and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. ESEM and image J. analysis showed that the effects of each of the three remineralizing agents enhanced the remineralization of surface topography of the enamel specimens following the different application periods. EDX results revealed that for the traditional technique; n-HAP showed the highest remineralizing effect followed by BAG with the lowest effect observed in the CPP-ACP material after two weeks. While after five weeks, n-HAP material revealed the highest remineralizing effect followed by CPP-ACP material with the lowest effect revealed in BAG material. Moreover, for the electrophoresis-aided technique; n-HAP material revealed the highest remineralizing effect, followed by CPP-ACP material with the most insignificant effect shown in BAG material after both three and five hours.
Conclusions: The application of different remineralizing agents enhances enamel remineralization and has an influential effect on enamel surface topography and mineral composition. Further time has a significant positive impact on remineralization. Moreover, the dynamics of remineralizing agents might be efficiently accelerated by electrophoresis, amplifying their effects on demineralized enamel.
Methods: Initial enamel lesion was produced following an acid etching, three remineralizing agents (nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HAP), casein phospho-peptide amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and bioactive glass (BAG)) were applied to the labial surface with traditional and with electrophoresis-aided techniques according to manufacture instructions. Surface topography and chemical composition were evaluated using ESEM/EDX at baseline, after demineralization, and after remineralization at different periods: (two weeks, five weeks, for the traditional technique, and three hours, five hours for the electrophoresis-aided technique). ESEM images were imported into Image J. software for further analysis.
Results: P ≤ 0.05 was used to compare different variables using the ANOVA test and Tukey's post-hoc analysis. ESEM and image J. analysis showed that the effects of each of the three remineralizing agents enhanced the remineralization of surface topography of the enamel specimens following the different application periods. EDX results revealed that for the traditional technique; n-HAP showed the highest remineralizing effect followed by BAG with the lowest effect observed in the CPP-ACP material after two weeks. While after five weeks, n-HAP material revealed the highest remineralizing effect followed by CPP-ACP material with the lowest effect revealed in BAG material. Moreover, for the electrophoresis-aided technique; n-HAP material revealed the highest remineralizing effect, followed by CPP-ACP material with the most insignificant effect shown in BAG material after both three and five hours.
Conclusions: The application of different remineralizing agents enhances enamel remineralization and has an influential effect on enamel surface topography and mineral composition. Further time has a significant positive impact on remineralization. Moreover, the dynamics of remineralizing agents might be efficiently accelerated by electrophoresis, amplifying their effects on demineralized enamel.