Periodontal microbiota and Periodontal Status of Patients with Valvular Pathology in Cali - Colombia.

Objectives: To characterize the microbiota periodontal and periodontal status in patients with valvular disease at a clinic in the city of Cali.
Methods: descriptive study in which 30 subjects were selected attending the cardiovascular risk unit in Imbanaco Medical Center in Cali, diagnosed with valvular disease and who signed the informed consent. (Study approved by the research ethics committee of the Imbanaco Medical Center - endorsement IEC-109-). The periodontal chart and making subgingival sample the deepest pockets (> 4 mm) was performed. Samples were taken using sterile paper points number 40, and carried to the laboratory in anaerobic transport medium (VMGA II) where they were grown. Statistical analysis was performed with the statistical program Stata 12. A descriptive analysis of all variables was performed. For numeric variables normality was verified with the Shapiro-Wilk test.
Results: The mean number of missing teeth was 12.1 (SD = 8.1). The clinical attachment level (CAL), was between 0.4 and 4.6 (median = 1.3 and RI: 0.7-2.0). The percentage of bleeding (BOP) was on average 7% (RI: 2.8% -10%). Probing depth (PD) was in the normal range (≤3) in 96.7% of subjects, with a median of 1.9 (RI: 1.6-2.3). Finally the frequent finding was gingivitis (36.7%) followed by mild periodontitis (26.7%), moderate periodontitis (26.7%) and severe periodontitis (10%). The frequency of pathogens isolated from periodontal pockets was, Fusobacterium (50%), P. intermediate / nigrescens (40%), Campylobacter rectus (40%), Eikenella corrodens (36.7%), enteric bacilli Gram (-) (36 , 7%), P. gingivalis (33.3%), Eubacterium (33.3%), Dialister pneumocintes (20%), A. actinomycetemcomitans (6.7%), and Tannerella forsythensis (6.7%).
Conclusions: Fusobacterium ssp, P intermedia/ nigrescens, Campylobacter rectus, Eikenella corrodens, enteric bacilli Gram (-), P. gingivalis and Eubacterium were present in percentages and frequencies. Valve disease patients showed a significant alteration in tooth loss and dental tissue support.