Experimental study on repairing periodontal defect by tissue engineering methods

Objectives:To evaluate the effects of transplanting MSC-NC complex combining guided tissue regeneration(GTR) in the treatment of periodontal bone defects in the mongrel dogs. Methods:MSC isolated from the Mongrel dogs were cultured in vitro. Mineralization medium for osteogenic differentiation was added,and the osteogenic ability of cells were detected .MSC were seeded into porous NC particles and PLGA-NC complex membrane, and the morphological characters of MSC were observed with phase contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope. After 10 days of co-culture of MSC and NC, the complexes were transplanted into experimentally induced alveolar bone defects of dogs by GTR therapy using PLGA-NC membranes covered .The defects were histologically assessed and stained 8 weeks later.Results: MSC induced clearly showed the ability of osteogenic potential. The staining of mineralized nodules and collagen were both positive .There was a good biocompatibility between MSC and NC ,so was MSC and the PLGA-NC complex membrane. The defects were restored by transplanting with MSC-NC complex.Conclusions:MSC is hopeful for acting as the periodontal tissue precursor cell. All the results indicated that the methods of bone tissue-engineering can be applied to improve periodontal regeneration.