A study of periodontal regeneration by application of the BMSCs/nHAC

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) with nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen (nHAC) transplantation in periodontal tissue regeneration.Methods:Dog autogenous BMSCs cultured in vitro were collected and seeded on the three-dimension scaffold of nHAC.The cell growth in the scaffolds were observed by scanning electronmicroscope.Then the BMSCs/nHAC composites were transplanted into surgical periodontal defects.The defects were divided into 3 groups , they were BMSCs/nHAC group,nHAC group (filled only with nHAC) and control group (filled with nothing).Each group was composed with 12 premolar teeth in four dogs.The dogs were sacrificed after 8 weeks and the periodontal regeneration was observed histologically. Results:Scanning electronmicroscope showed the porous structure of nHAC and the eugenic growth of cells in the nHAC scaffolds. The definitive evidences of regeneration were found both in BMSCs/nHAC group and nHAC group,but BMSCs/nHAC group exhibited more new bone,new ligament and new cementum occupying the majority of the defects.Epithelium was found neither BMSCs/nHAC group nor nHAC group.There were little new periodontal tissue and much epithelium in the defects of control group.Conclusions:Combination of BMSCs complex with nHAC would be completely repair soft and hard tissues of periodontal defects.