IADR Abstract Archives
Neutrophils N1 and N2 subsets and its role in periodontal diseases
Objectives: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by a dysbiotic subgingival microbiota which enhance an inflammatory and pro-bone-resorptive response by triggering the polarization of pro-inflammatory immune cell phenotypes that finally activate osteoclastogenic precursors and induce bone resorption. Neutrophils are the first innate immunity cells that recognize the bacteria and are found in high concentration in tissues affected by periodontitis. Although several studies define different roles of them during health or periodontitis, it is unknown if they can polarize to an inflammatory or modulatory phenotypes. Recently, two neutrophil phenotypes have been described: pro-inflammatory or N1, and modulatory or N2. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the presence of neutrophil phenotypes in periodontal tissues in health or disease.
Methods: A systematic review was carried out following the indications of the PRISMA guideline, via an electronic search in the Medline database using Mesh terms “neutrophil”, “bacteria”, “periodontitis”, “subsets”, and “phenotypes” up to January 30th 2021. We include human cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies. To determine agreement in the studies selection, data extraction and risk of bias the Cohen's κ coefficient was determined (k>0.8 in every step of the review).
Results: From 3,658, 16 articles were included for qualitative analysis after apply eligibility criteria. Different studies identify the presence of different neutrophil phenotypes: pro- and para-inflammatory, hyper-reactive and hyper-active, and high or low responder phenotypes were identified.
Conclusions: There is no evidence of N1 or N2 phenotypes detection in periodontal tissues. Although the evidence suggests that during periodontitis the presence of N1 neutrophil could plays an important role in the onset of the immune-inflammatory response, the induction of N1 neutrophils by oral bacteria must be exploited.
Methods: A systematic review was carried out following the indications of the PRISMA guideline, via an electronic search in the Medline database using Mesh terms “neutrophil”, “bacteria”, “periodontitis”, “subsets”, and “phenotypes” up to January 30th 2021. We include human cross-sectional, case-control and cohort studies. To determine agreement in the studies selection, data extraction and risk of bias the Cohen's κ coefficient was determined (k>0.8 in every step of the review).
Results: From 3,658, 16 articles were included for qualitative analysis after apply eligibility criteria. Different studies identify the presence of different neutrophil phenotypes: pro- and para-inflammatory, hyper-reactive and hyper-active, and high or low responder phenotypes were identified.
Conclusions: There is no evidence of N1 or N2 phenotypes detection in periodontal tissues. Although the evidence suggests that during periodontitis the presence of N1 neutrophil could plays an important role in the onset of the immune-inflammatory response, the induction of N1 neutrophils by oral bacteria must be exploited.