IADR Abstract Archives
Gingival Recessions and Periodontal Phenotype in Orthodontic Patients. A Pilot Study
Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence, distribution and severity of Gingival Recession (GR) according to the periodontal phenotype (PP) in orthodontically treated patients (OTP).
Methods:
An observational-retrospective study was carried out in 27 OTP. Evaluations included the revision of dental records, photographs and models before (T1) and at the end of treatment (T2). Subsequently, a clinical examination was also conducted (T3). Detected GR were registered, measured in mm and classified using the Miller’s classification. The visual PP (vPP) was classified according to the gingival aspect in upper anterior teeth, as fine-scalloped (FS), thick-scalloped (TS) or thick-flat (TF) at T1, T2 and T3. The clinical PP (cPP) was classified in Thick (T) or Fine (F) according with the vestibular gingival thickness of the index teeth of Ramfjord, at T3.
Results: Patients showed a GR prevalence of 44.4% (T1), 74,1% (T2) and 81.5% (T3), with an average of teeth with RG, per patient, increasing from T1 (n=1.37), T2 (n=32.67) to T3 (n=4.22). From 585 evaluated teeth, the most affected were tooth 4.4 and 3.1. The average GR depth increased from T1 (1.18mm) to T3 (1.33mm), where the 19% of RG were Miller III, at T3. A 30% of patients presented a vPP-FS which showed a higher average of teeth affected, compared with vPP-TS/TF. On the other hand, T-cPP prevalence was higher in upper molars (77.8%), while F-cPP prevalence was 88.9% in mandibular anterior teeth. Upper anterior teeth showed a F-cPP prevalence of 59.3%, disagreeing with vPP data. Finally, the F-cPP showed both a higher prevalence and average of teeth affected, compared with T-cPP, particulary in lower anterior teeth.
Conclusions: There is a trend to develop GR in OTP, may be related to the PP. Further research is necessary to confirm these primary results and to identify PP interaction with the type of dentomaxillary anomaly of patients, the degree of arch expansion or the teeth pro-inclination.
Methods:
An observational-retrospective study was carried out in 27 OTP. Evaluations included the revision of dental records, photographs and models before (T1) and at the end of treatment (T2). Subsequently, a clinical examination was also conducted (T3). Detected GR were registered, measured in mm and classified using the Miller’s classification. The visual PP (vPP) was classified according to the gingival aspect in upper anterior teeth, as fine-scalloped (FS), thick-scalloped (TS) or thick-flat (TF) at T1, T2 and T3. The clinical PP (cPP) was classified in Thick (T) or Fine (F) according with the vestibular gingival thickness of the index teeth of Ramfjord, at T3.
Results: Patients showed a GR prevalence of 44.4% (T1), 74,1% (T2) and 81.5% (T3), with an average of teeth with RG, per patient, increasing from T1 (n=1.37), T2 (n=32.67) to T3 (n=4.22). From 585 evaluated teeth, the most affected were tooth 4.4 and 3.1. The average GR depth increased from T1 (1.18mm) to T3 (1.33mm), where the 19% of RG were Miller III, at T3. A 30% of patients presented a vPP-FS which showed a higher average of teeth affected, compared with vPP-TS/TF. On the other hand, T-cPP prevalence was higher in upper molars (77.8%), while F-cPP prevalence was 88.9% in mandibular anterior teeth. Upper anterior teeth showed a F-cPP prevalence of 59.3%, disagreeing with vPP data. Finally, the F-cPP showed both a higher prevalence and average of teeth affected, compared with T-cPP, particulary in lower anterior teeth.
Conclusions: There is a trend to develop GR in OTP, may be related to the PP. Further research is necessary to confirm these primary results and to identify PP interaction with the type of dentomaxillary anomaly of patients, the degree of arch expansion or the teeth pro-inclination.