Effect of CPP-ACPF on Microhardness of Enamel Demineralized by Energy Drink

Energy drinks which are usually consumed by professional athletes could reduce pH of the mouth environment and cause demineralization of tooth structure by their acid and sugar contents. Some studies reported that components of CPP-ACPF (Casein phosphopeptid-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate) might decrease demineralization process of dental hard tissues and increase remineralization. The aim of this invitro study was to evaluate the effect of CPP-ACPF on enamel microhardness, demineralized by energy drink. 

Method:

30 intact enamel pieces of human premolars were divided into three groups after microhardness test. In group 1 (control) samples were immersed in 30 ml energy drink (redbull) and artificial saliva alternately for 8 cycles of five seconds each. This procedure repeated three times a day, at six-hour intervals  for 7 days. Samples of group 2 were immersed in redbull drink like group1 and then 0.3 gr of CPP-ACPF were placed on the surface of each sample for 3 minutes and then the paste was mixed with artificial saliva for 2 minutes. In group 3, at first CPP-ACPF paste applied on samples, then they were immersed in redbull drink as mentioned in group 2. Final microhardness measurement was done in all groups. The data were analyzed with repeated-measure ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey tests at 95% significance.

Result:

The microhardness was significantly different before and after the interventions in all groups (p<0.05). The results showed that applying CPP-ACPF paste before or after energy drink could increase microhardness of enamel compared to control group. However, there was no significant difference between group 2 and 3 (p>0.05). 

Conclusion:

Energy drink could decrease enamel microhardness and cause demineralization. Applying CPP-ACPF paste before or after applying energy drink could increase enamel microhardness and mineralization but could not return it to the baseline level.