Effect of Smoking on Colour and Roughness of Denture Teeth

Method:

Maxillar centrals from acrylic, high strength acrylic and porcelain teeth (Acrylux, SR Orthosit PE-O and Enta)  (shade A2) were distributed into 4 groups (n=10): (G1) control (distilled water) (DW); (G2) cigarette smoke (CS); (G3) denture cleanser (DC); (G4) cigarette smoke and denture cleanser (CS+DC). G2 and G4 were exposed to smoke from 20 cigarettes per 10 minutes; G3 and G4 were immersed to denture cleanser (Protefix, Queisser Pharma) for 15 minutes. Ra were measured with a profilometer (SJ-201P, Mitutoya Corp) and colour measurements were performed with a colorimeter (ShadeEye NCC, Shofu) at baseline, after DW, after CS, after CS+DC and after DC. The L*a*b* values of each tooth were calculated according to CIE L*a*b* system. Data were analysed using three-way-analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Fisher LSD tests (p<0.05).

Result: Ra of Acrylux and SR Orthosit PE-O (p<0,001) and Enta (p<0,01) were significantly higher in groups CS and DC. Immersion in denture cleansers after cigarette smoke decreased the surface roughness of Acrylux and SR Orthosit PE-O (p<0,001) and Enta (p<0,01). ΔE of CS was significantly higher than the others for Acrylux, SR Orthosit PE-O (p<0,001) and Enta (p<0,01) . The highest ΔE (7,94) was observed in Acrylux in CS, while the smallest ΔE (0,24) were in Enta in control group. ΔE of all teeth in CS group decreased after denture cleanser (p<0,05). The L* decreased, and the a* and b* increased after the smoking for all teeth (p<0,05). Immersion in denture cleanser after smoking increased the L* and decreased the a* of Acrylux and SR Orthosit PE-O significantly (p<0,05).

Conclusion: Smoking and denture cleanser alone increased the Ra and caused colour changes of teeth, while denture cleansers after smoking decreased.